ALU i.e. Arithmetic & Logic Unit is heart of a processor. The actual 'processing' on the data is carried out by the ALU.
Logic symbol of ALU:
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Let's talk first about the instructions because an instruction, is all the processor cares about.
The main data processing component within a processor is an ALU. The ALU is capable of carrying out some arithmetic & logical operations on data fed to it. So, an instruction may tell the ALU, what operation is to be done and on which data. Apart from alu operations, other major task performed by processor is data moving or data transfer. The data may be moved to/from memory from/to internal registers. Further the processor may want to communicate with peripheral devices. When we think of a processor from designer point-of-view, we consider two important aspects viz. architecture and organization.
Architecture of a processor is all we see in the block diagram of that processor i.e. all the components present inside. The architecture is visible to the programmer. |
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